1. A study published in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions (2014) suggested that the prevalence of exercise addiction might range from 3% to 7% among regular gym-goers.
2. According to a study in the Journal of Behavioral Addictions (2018), work addiction prevalence was estimated at around 5-8%. This may vary based on definitions and criteria used to identify work addiction.
3. A survey published in JAMA Pediatrics (2019) found that among adolescents, the prevalence of problematic smartphone use was around 27%.
4. A review in the Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy (2016) noted prevalence rates of pornography addiction ranging from 1% to 6% among various studies. The difference seen between reported numbers may be due to variations in definitions of pornography, problematic use and study design.

General Information

1. It is estimated that among those who used drugs in the past year, 13% suffered from SUDs. It is projected that by 2030 the population of people using drugs will increase globally by 11%. A bigger increase is expected in developing countries due to factors such as faster population growth, younger populations and rapid urbanization.
2. Additionally, according to various estimates, 283 million people had alcohol use disorders in 2016 (100), 36 million people had drug use disorders in 2019 
3.  In 2021, 1 in every 17 people aged 15–64 in the world had used a drug in the past 12 months. The estimated number of users grew from 240 million in 2011 to 296 million in 2021 (5.8 per cent of the global population aged 15–64). This is a 23 per cent increase, partly due to population growth.
4. It is estimated that in 2021, 36 million people had used amphetamines, 22 million had used cocaine and 20 million had used “ecstasy”-type substances in the past year. The proportion of female users is higher in the case of amphetamine-type stimulants (45 per cent of users are women) and non-medical use of pharmaceuticals (between 45 and 49 per cent of users are women), whereas the highest share of men is found in users of opiates (75 per cent) and cocaine (73 per cent).
5. Injecting drug use continues to be an important facilitating driver of the global epidemic of hepatitis C, with WHO estimating that 23 per cent of new hepatitis C infections are attributable to unsafe drug injection. Based on the joint UNODC, WHO, UNAIDS and World Bank global estimates, every second person injecting drugs is living with hepatitis C (an estimated 6.6 million people).
6. Deaths related to the use of drugs were estimated at about 500,000 in 2019, 17.5 per cent more than in 2009. Liver diseases attributed to hepatitis C are a major cause of drug-related deaths, accounting for more than half of the total number of deaths attributed to the use of drugs. Drug overdoses account for a quarter of drug- related deaths.
7. At the global level, two thirds of direct drug- related deaths are due to opioids, and in some subregions the proportion can be as high as three quarters of such deaths.
8. After several years of stabilization, the number of new psychoactive substances on the global market increased in 2021. Of the 618 substances reported to be on the global market in 2021, 87 were newly identified.
9. The cumulative number of new psychoactive substances identified over the last 15 years reached 1,165 substances in 2021 and, according to preliminary data, 1,184 substances in 2022.
10. While the large majority of people who engage in substance use will not develop a SUD (Lopez-Quintero et al, 2011; Clark, 2017; Mohammad, 2011; Gell et al, 2016), the percentage of the population who do is increasingly on the rise, with some studies suggesting it affects as much as 10% of the population (Grant et al, 2016; Volkow, Koob & McLellan, 2016; Mohammad, 2011).
11. Prevalences of 12-month and lifetime DUD were 3.9% and 9.9%, respectively. Drug use disorder was generally greater among men, white and Native American individuals, younger and previously or never married adults, those with lower education and income, and those residing in the West
12. The cumulative probability estimate of transition to dependence was 67.5% for nicotine users, 22.7% for alcohol users, 20.9% for cocaine users, and 8.9% for cannabis users.
13. Previous epidemiological studies have found that between one-third to one-half of daily nicotine smokers develop nicotine dependence at some point in their lives (Anthony et al., 1994, Breslau et al., 2001, Dierker et al., 2008, Kandel et al., 1997) and that, within a decade of alcohol, cannabis and cocaine use, 12–13% develop alcohol dependence, 8% cannabis dependence and 15–16% cocaine dependence (Wagner and Anthony, 2002a).
14. Psychiatric comorbidity, is a consistent predictor of transition from drug use to drug addiction in many studies 
15. In the United States, 8 to 10% of people 12 years of age or older, or 20 to 22 million people, are addicted to alcohol or other drugs.1 The abuse of tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs in the United States exacts more than $700 billion annually in costs related to crime, lost work productivity, and health care.
16. At least 15.3 million persons have drug use disorders.
17. Recent estimates are that in 2008, 155 to 250 million people, or 3.5% to 5.7% of the world's population aged 15-64, used other psychoactive substances, such as cannabis, amphetamines, cocaine, opioids, and non-prescribed psychoactive prescription medication. 
18.  WHO estimated that 0.7% of the global burden of disease in 2004 was due to cocaine and opioid use, with the social cost of illicit substance use being in the region of 2% of GDP in those countries which have measured it.
19. 46.8 million (16.7%) Americans (aged 12 and older) battled a substance use disorder in the past year.
20. About 27.2 million Americans 12 or older (9.7%) reported battling a drug use disorder in the past year.
21. About 9.7 million young adults age 18 to 25 battled a substance use disorder in the past year, which equates to 27.8% of this population.
22. About 5.6 million young adults had a drug use disorder in the past year, or about 18.6% of this population
23. Approximately 36.8 million adults age 26 or older—or 16.6% of this age group—struggled with a substance use disorder in the past year
24. Around 18.9 million adults age 26 or older (8.5%) had a drug use disorder in the past year.
25. The relapse rate for substance use disorders is estimated to be between 40% and 60%. This rate is comparable to rates of relapse for other chronic diseases such as hypertension or asthma.
26. The UNODC World Drug Report 2019 estimates that around 271 million people, or 5.5% of people aged 15 to 64 years worldwide, used an illicit drug at least once in 2017. Some 35 million of the people who used drugs (0.7% of the adult population) have drug use disorders.
27. Of the 11 million people across the globe who injected drugs in 2017, nearly one in eight are living with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and over half are living with the hepatitis C virus (HCV).
28. About half a million deaths worldwide were attributable to drug use in 2017 (UNODC, 2019).
29. At least 8% of individuals who start using psychoactive drugs will develop a drug use disorder over time, with significant variations for different classes of psychoactive substances
30. Genetics, including the impact of one’s environment on gene expression, account for about 40% to 60% of a person’s risk of addiction.
31. 21.5 million American adults (8.4%) suffered from both a mental health disorder and a substance use disorder, or co-occurring disorders in the past year.1
32. The National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) reveals that polydrug use is common among individuals with substance use disorders. In 2019, around 55.8% of adults aged 18 or older with a substance use disorder had co-occurring mental illness.
33.  8 million (2.9%) of Americans 12 and older struggled with both alcohol and drug use disorders simultaneously.

Gender Comparisons

1. As is the case with the use of drugs, there are more men than women injecting drugs. Men are 5 times more likely than women to inject drugs (based on limited data from 18 countries), whereas women who inject drugs are 1.2 times more likely than men to be living with HIV (based on data from 58 countries). Women who inject drugs are likely to have a male intimate partner who initiated them into drug use; they are also likely to ask their male partner to inject them.
2. Women who use drugs tend to progress to drug use disorders faster than men but they continue to be underrepresented in drug treatment. This gap is particularly high for women who use amphetamine-type stimulants. Almost 1 in 2 users of amphetamine-type stimulants is a woman but only 1 in 4 people in treatment is a woman.
3. More men than women die of drug overdose but excess mortality risk in women who use drugs is typically higher than in men (mainly owing to lower mortality rates among women of corresponding age in the general population).
4. In 2020, 22.3% of the world’s population used tobacco: 36.7% of men and 7.8% of women.
5. There are significant sex differences in the proportion of global deaths attributable to alcohol, for example, in 2012 7.6% of deaths among males and 4% of deaths among females were attributable to alcohol.
6. Women remain in the minority of drug users globally yet tend to increase their rate of drug consumption and progress to drug use disorders more rapidly than men do.
7. The treatment gap remains large for women globally. Although women represent almost one in two amphetamines users, they constitute only one in five people in treatment for amphetamine use disorders.

Country Comparisons

1. Among all countries that ranked the drugs leading to drug use disorders, the majority (46 per cent of countries) reported cannabis in first place, 31 per cent of countries reported opioids in first place, mainly heroin, whereas amphetamine-type stimulants, in particular methamphetamine, were reported in first place by 13 per cent of countries. 
2. There are clear regional differences in the primary drug reported by people entering drug treatment: in most of Europe and most of the subregions of Asia, opioids are the most frequent primary drug of people in drug treatment, whereas in Latin America it is cocaine, in parts of Africa it is cannabis, and in East and South-East Asia it is methamphetamine
3. An estimated 13.2 million people were injecting drugs in 2021. This estimate is 18 per cent higher than in 2020 (11.2 million). This increase is due to newly available estimates in the United States of America and in some other countries. Eastern Europe (1.3 per cent of the adult population) and North America (1.0 per cent) remain the two subregions with the highest estimated prevalence of people who inject drugs, and, in absolute terms, North America now has the highest number of individuals that report injecting drugs, ahead of East and South-East Asia.
4. The market for “captagon”, an illicitly manufactured substance mostly containing various concentrations of amphetamine, continues to grow in the Near and Middle East. Assuming that all amphetamine seizures reported in the subregion are of “captagon”, seizures doubled from 2020, reaching a record high of 86 tons in 2021. The main departing area for “captagon” shipments continues to be in the Levant (the Syrian Arab Republic and Lebanon), with destinations in the Gulf countries reached either directly by land or sea, or indirectly with shipments through other regions, such as Southern Europe. In addition, some seizures point to new destinations in North and West Africa, but more information is needed to understand whether these are new established routes. In parallel to “captagon” trafficking, a methamphetamine market seems to be developing in the Near and Middle East, as shown by a rise in seizures of the drug.
5. Around 80% of the world's 1.3 billion tobacco users live in low- and middle-income countries.

Cannabis

1. Cannabis continues to be the most used drug, with an estimated 219 million users (4.3 per cent of the global adult population) in 2021. Use of the drug is increasing and globally cannabis users are mostly men (about 70 per cent), 
2. Cannabis continues to be the most used drug worldwide..
3. Cannabis is the most widely used psychoactive drug among young people with about 4.7% of people aged 15–16 years using it at least once in 2018. Alcohol and drug use in children and adolescents is associated with neurocognitive alterations which can lead to behavioural, emotional, social and academic problems in later life.
4. Cannabis legalization in North America appears to have increased daily cannabis use, especially potent cannabis products and particularly among young adults. Associated increases in people with psychiatric disorders, suicides and hospitalizations have also been reported.

Stimulants (MDMA/Amphetamines/Cocaine)

1. On the demand side, the population of cocaine users, estimated at 22 million in 2021, has been growing gradually but steadily, driven by global population growth and compounded by increasing prevalence rates in the last two decades (from 0.32 per cent of the general population in 2004 to 0.42 per cent in 2021).

Alcohol

1. Alcohol alone is estimated to be responsible for up to 8% of all global deaths (Rehm et al, 2019). Other sources estimate: 5% of death worldwide are caused by alcohol (https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/alcohol)
2. In sum, the preponderance of these studies suggests that a spontaneous remission rate for alcoholism of at least one-year duration is about 4–18 percent. 
3. Drinking alcohol among adolescents is a major concern in many countries. Worldwide, more than a quarter of all people aged 15–19 years are current drinkers, amounting to 155 million adolescents. Prevalence of heavy episodic drinking among adolescents aged 15­–19 years was 13.6% in 2016, with males most at risk.
4. Worldwide, 3 million deaths every year result from harmful use of alcohol. This represents 5.3% of all deaths.
5. Overall, 5.1% of the global burden of disease and injury is attributable to alcohol, as measured in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs).
6. Alcohol consumption causes death and disability relatively early in life. In people aged 20–39 years, approximately 13.5% of total deaths are attributable to alcohol.
7. The harmful use of alcohol results in 3.3 million deaths each year.
8. Less than half the population (38.3%) actually drinks alcohol, this means that those who do drink consume on average 17 litres of pure alcohol annually.
9. Worldwide about 16.0% of drinkers aged 15 years or older engage in heavy episodic drinking.
10. 10.5% of Americans 12 and older had an alcohol use disorder in the past year.
11. About 5.7 million young adults age 18 to 25 had an alcohol use disorder in the past year, or about 16.4% of young adults.
12. About 23 million adults age 26 and older (10.4%) had an alcohol use disorder in the past year.

Nicotine/Tobacco

1. The vast majority of people using tobacco today began doing so when they were adolescents. Globally in 2018, at least 1 in 10 adolescents aged 13–15 years uses tobacco, although there are areas where this figure is much higher. E-cigarettes are particularly risky when used by children and adolescents. Nicotine is highly addictive and young people’s brains develop up to their mid-twenties.
2. Tobacco kills up to half of its users who don’t quit
3. Tobacco kills more than 8 million people each year, including an estimated 1.3 million non-smokers who are exposed to second-hand smoke
4. Around 80% of the world's 1.3 billion tobacco users live in low- and middle-income countries.
5. In 2020, 22.3% of the world’s population used tobacco: 36.7% of men and 7.8% of women.
6. Second-hand smoke causes serious cardiovascular and respiratory diseases, including coronary heart disease and lung cancer, and kills around 1.3 million people prematurely every year.

Opioids (Heroin/Morphine/Opium)

1. Opioids continue to be the group of substances with the highest contribution  to severe drug-related harm, including fatal overdoses. An estimated 60 million people engaged in non-medical opioid use in 2021, 31.5 million of whom used  opiates (mainly heroin).
2. Opioids remain, however, the leading cause of deaths in fatal overdoses. Opioids accounted for nearly 70 per cent of the 128,000 deaths attributed to drug use disorders in 2019. Opioid use disorders also accounted for the majority (71 per cent of the 18 million healthy years of life lost owing to premature death and disability in 2019.
3. The opioid crisis in North America has not been associated with a sizeable increase in the number of opioid users but driven by overdose deaths, mainly attributed to the use of fentanyls. 
4. In the United States in 2021, following a year-on-year trend of increase, there were more than 80,000 opioid overdose deaths. Most of those deaths, 70,000, were attributed to any pharmaceutical opioid with synthetic opioids (primarily fentanyls). Women constituted approximately 30 per cent of all those who died from an overdose and of those attributed to opioids in the United States.
5. Canada has also been experiencing an increasing trend in drug overdose deaths related to the proliferation of synthetic opioids, mainly fentanyl. Fentanyl was found in 86 per cent of the samples from people who had died as a result of opioid overdose in the first half of 2021. In 2021 there were nearly 8,000 deaths in Canada that were attributed to opioids.
6. In the past decade we have entered a new phase of this epidemic. After peaking in 2010, prescriptions for opioid analgesics leveled off through 2012 and, from 2012 to 2015, prescriptions declined 18%. Nonetheless, despite this decrease, opioid prescriptions in 2015 were three times higher than in 1999.
7. Data on dispensing of opioid prescriptions from a nationwide US database for the period 2008-2018 show a 31% national decline in opioid prescription fill rates for all ages over this period.

General/Mixed Topic

1. About one in eight people in the world live with a mental disorder. The prevalence of different mental disorders varies with sex and age. In both males and females, anxiety disorders and depressive disorders are the most common. 
2. As part of the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study 2020 (GBD 2020), researchers estimated a 25–27% rise in the prevalence of depression and anxiety in the first year of the pandemic
3. In both males and females, anxiety disorders and depressive disorders are the two most common mental disorders. Anxiety disorders become prevalent at an earlier age than depressive disorders, which are rare before ten years of age. They continue to become more common in later life, with highest estimates in people between 50 and 69. Among adults, depressive disorders are the most prevalent of all mental disorders.
4. In 2019, 301 million people globally were living with anxiety disorders; and 280 million were living with depressive disorders (including both major depressive disorder and dysthymia). In 2020, these numbers rose significantly as a % global population living with a mental disorder result of the COVID-19 pandemic
5. Depressive and anxiety disorders are about 50% more common among women than men throughout the life-course, while men are more likely to have a substance use disorder. As depressive and anxiety disorders account for most cases of mental disorder, overall, slightly more women (13.5% or 508 million) than men (12.5% or 462 million) live with a mental disorder 
6. One analysis of 2010 data shows there were more than four million excess deaths attributable to mental disorders, including 2.2 million from major depressive disorder, 1.3 million from bipolar disorder and 700 000 from schizophrenia
7. About US$ 3.7 billion a year is spent globally on mental health research worldwide – an estimated 7% of global health research funding (137). Overall, more than half (56%) of all global funding for mental health research is spent on basic research rather than clinical or applied research

Suicide

1. Globally, there may be 20 suicide attempts to every one death, and yet suicide accounts for more than one in every 100 deaths. It is a major cause of death among young people. 
2. Some areas have had more success: the global age-standardized suicide mortality rate for 2019 had dropped 10% since 2013. But this is far short of the 33% reduction target for 2030.
3. In 2019, an estimated 703 000 people across all ages (or 9 per 100 000 population) lost their life to suicide
4.  Around three-quarters (77%) of all suicides occur in LMICs, where most of the world’s population live. But high-income countries grouped together have the highest suicide rates at 10.9 per 100 000.
5. Suicide rates also vary between males and females. Globally, women are more likely to attempt suicide than men. And 46 yet twice as many men die by suicide than women do. In high-income countries the male-to-female ratio for death by suicide is even higher, at three men to every woman. 
6. In both males and females, suicide is a major cause of death among young people. In 2019, it was the third leading cause of death in 15–29-year-old females; and the fourth leading cause of death in males in this age group. Overall, it is the fourth leading cause of death among 15–29-year-olds and accounts for some 8% of all deaths in this age group. More than half (58%) of suicides happen before the age of 50 years. And suicide rates in people aged over 70 years are more than twice those of working age people
7. Globally, the suicide rate has dropped by 36% since 2000, with decreases ranging from 17% in WHO’s Eastern Mediterranean Region to 47% in WHO’s European Region and 49% in WHO’s Western Pacific Region. Yet, in WHO’s Region of the Americas, suicide rates have increased 17% over the past 20 years. 
8. 1/20 of the population is experiencing suicidal ideations at the moment

Childhood/Adolescence

1. Globally, more than half of all children aged 2–17 (around a billion individuals) experienced emotional, physical or sexual violence in the previous year
2. Around 8% of the world’s young children (aged 5–9 years) and 14% of the world’s adolescents (aged 10–19 years) live with a mental disorder 
3. Teenagers and people with mental health disorders are more at risk for drug use and addiction than other populations.
4. In 2021, 5.3 per cent of 15–16-year-olds worldwide (13.5 million individuals) had used cannabis in the past year. 
5. The use of cannabis among 15–16-year-olds varies by region, from less than 3 per cent in Asia to over 17 per cent in Oceania but in most regions the proportion of adolescents using the drug is higher than in the general population aged 15–64. 
6. Approximately 8.7% of the American adolescent population age 12 to 17 suffered from a substance use disorder in the past year; this equals 2.2 million teens and pre-teens.
7. About 753,000 adolescents age 12 to 17 (2.9%) had an alcohol use disorder in the past year.
8. An estimated 1.9 million adolescents suffered from a drug use disorder in the past year, or about 7.3% of this population.
9. "Young people continue to use more drugs than adults, and have higher levels of use than in past generations"
10. around 284 million people aged 15-64 used drugs worldwide in 2020, a 26 per cent increase over the previous decade. Young people are using more drugs, with use levels today in many countries higher than with the previous generation. 

Depression

1. Worldwide, more than 10% of pregnant women and women who have just given birth experience depression 
2. Researchers estimate that 12 billion productive work days are lost every year to depression and anxiety alone, at a cost of nearly US$ 1 trillion 
3. 20-25% of the population will go through a depressive episode during their life
4. Depression is the second cause of disability worldwide, 4th in terms of cost. This means more than 300 million people per year worldwide. Only 25% of these individuals will have access to proper care. This is extremely concerning, given that suicide is the leading cause of death of 12-25 years old.

Eating Disorders/Disordered Eating

1. A study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (2014) suggested that about 5-10% of the general population may have symptoms consistent with addictive-like eating behavior.
2.  Eating disorders occur mainly among young people and, within this group, are more common among females (for example, 0.6% in women aged 20–24 years compared with 0.3% in men in the same age group)
3. 8% for women, 2% for men, eating disorder is the leading cause of death in psychiatry, with a lethality of 5% within 10 years and 20% during life 
4. Globally, in 2016, over 1 in 6 adolescents aged 10–19 years was overweight. Prevalence varied across WHO regions, from lower than 10% in the WHO South-East Asia Region to over 30% in the WHO Region of the Americas.

Mental Wellbeing

1. Mental disorders are the leading cause of years lived with disability (YLDs), accounting for one in every six YLDs globally.
2.  Close to 15% of the world’s working population is estimated to experience a mental disorder at any given time
3. More than 80% of all people with mental disorders live in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where the vicious cycle between mental health and poverty is particularly prevalent because of a lack of welfare safety nets and poor accessibility to effective treatment
4. 1 in 8 people live with a mental health condition
5. Pre-pandemic, in 2019, an estimated 970 million people in the world were living with a mental disorder, 82% of whom were in LMICs (96).1 Between 2000 and 2019, an estimated 25% more people were living with mental disorders, but since the world’s population has grown at approximately the same rate the (point) prevalence of mental disorders has remained steady, at around 13% 
6. Mental disorders are common in all countries: they occur across all WHO Regions, ranging from 10.9% prevalence in the WHO African Region to 15.6% in the WHO Region of the Americas. Mental disorders are somewhat more common in high-income countries (15.1%) but they are also common in low-income countries (11.6%)
7. A survey on household costs associated with mental health conditions in six countries across sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia found that households where someone had a mental health condition were economically worse off than control households. For example, they had lower housing standards, lower household income, fewer assets, and higher health care expenditures
8. Half of the Swiss population will be affected by a psychiatric condition during their life; 1/5 of these people will experience depression. 
9. People will often choose to suffer mental distress without relief, rather than risk the discrimination and ostracization that comes with accessing mental health services 

Personality Disorders

1. Bipolar disorder, another key concern of mental health services around the world, occurs in 40 million people and approximately 1 in 150 adults globally in 2019 

Psychotic Disorders

1.  Schizophrenia, which occurs in approximately 1 in 200 adults, is a primary concern: in its acute states it is the most impairing of all health conditions. People with schizophrenia or other severe mental health conditions die on average 10 to 20 years earlier than the general population, often of preventable physical diseases.
2. Schizophrenia, which occurs in 24 million people and in approximately 1 in 200 adults (aged 20 years and over),
3. People with severe mental health conditions – including schizophrenia and bipolar disorder – die on average 10 to 20 years earlier than the general population
4. For example, while 70% of people with psychosis are reported to be treated in high-income countries, only 12% of people with psychosis receive mental health care in low-income countries 

Trauma/PTSD

1. According to the National Center for PTSD, approximately 7-8% of the U.S. population will experience PTSD at some point in their lives

General

1. Among those with 12-month DUD, 8.2% received treatment from health professionals; 6.1% attended 12-step groups, and 3.6% and 3.2% attended outpatient or rehabilitation facilities, respectively. Other settings were used less frequently
2. For depression, the gaps in service coverage are wide across all countries: even in high-income countries, only one third of people with major depressive disorders receive formal mental health care
3. A recent systematic review of treatment coverage for major depressive disorder found that minimally-adequate treatment ranged from 23% in high-income countries to 3% in low- and lower-middle-income countries
4.  For example, market forecasts for the near future estimate that the market size of ketamine-assisted therapy will be worth over 1 billion dollars and that of MDMA-assisted therapy over 2 billion dollars in the United States. 
5. Over 60 % of clients in opioid agonist treatment, however, are now aged 40 or older, while less than 10 % are under 30 years old. 
6. Coverage for care of psychosis worldwide is estimated to be as low as 29%.
7. 71% of people with psychosis do not receive mental health services

Efficacy

1. Of those who completed treatment, 81.5% had a good treatment outcome at the 6-month follow-up, indicating that the Minnesota model is highly efficacious in treating alcoholism. 
2. Of those who were contacted at 6-month follow-up, 81.5% had a ‘good outcome’. This represented 66.7% of the total group who participated in the study. (Minnesota model efficacy)
3. Peer-reviewed studies peg the success rate of AA somewhere between 5 and 10 percent. That is, about one of every fifteen people who enter these programs is able to become and stay sober. 
4. A recent study investigating the outcome for 284 patients receiving treatment for addiction in outpatient treatment, residential treatment and sober living environments identified 1-year abstinence rates of 16.8%, 11.7%, and 23.8% respectively. When considering across all three treatments, 1-month abstinence rate was 74.6%; 3-month abstinence was 63.7%; 6-month abstinence was 55.7%; and 1-year abstinence rate was 42.1%

Country/Region Comparisons

1. In many countries in Africa and South and Central America, the largest proportion of people in treatment for drug use disorders are there primarily for cannabis use disorders. In Eastern and South-Eastern Europe and in Central Asia, people are most often in treatment for opioid use disorders.
2. According to UNODC and WHO global estimates, at best only one in six people who can benefit from drug dependence treatment has access to treatment programmes. This proportion declines in Latin America and Africa, where only one in 11 and one in 18 people who can benefit from drug dependence treatment has access to treatment programmes, respectively (UNODC, 2018).
3. WHO Member States adopted the Comprehensive mental health action plan 2013–2030. They committed to meet global targets for improved mental health. These were focused on strengthening leadership and governance, community-based care, promotion and prevention, and information systems and research. But WHO’s latest analysis of country performance against the action plan shows that progress has been slow. For most of the world, the approach to mental health care remains very much business as usual. The result? Mental health conditions continue to exact a heavy toll on people’s lives, while mental health systems and services remain ill-equipped to meet people’s needs.
4.  On average, countries dedicate less than 2% of their health care budgets to mental health. More than 70% of mental health expenditure in middle-income countries still goes towards psychiatric hospitals. Around half the world’s population lives in countries where there is just one psychiatrist to serve 200 000 or more people. And the availability of affordable essential psychotropic medicines is limited, especially in low-income countries. Most people with diagnosed mental health conditions go completely untreated.
5. In 2013 45% of countries reported having mental health policies and plans that were aligned with human rights instruments. The action plan set a target to increase that figure to 80% by 2020 (later this was extended to 2030); but nearly halfway (2023) into the plan the figure had only risen to 51% 
6.  In early 2022, 44% of countries responding to a WHO survey reported one or more disruptions to mental health care due to COVID-19, including prevention and promotion programmes, diagnosis, treatment and life-saving emergency care
7. Only half (51%) of WHO Member States reported that their mental health policies or plans fully complied with human rights instruments. About a third (31%) reported plans that were being implemented. And only 21% of WHO Member States reported policies or plans that were being implemented and fully compliant with human rights instruments. This proportion varied significantly across income groups, from 32% for upper-middle-income countries to just 3% for low-income countries 
8. In 2020, WHO Member States reported that pharmacological interventions were much more widely available than psychosocial interventions (5). The gap is particularly in high-income countries, where 71% countries report providing pharmacological interventions at primary care facilities but only 34% provide psychosocial interventions there.

Substance Use Disorder

1. An estimated 39.5 million people worldwide were suffering from drug use disorders in 2021, but only 1 in 5 people with drug use disorders received drug treatment.
2. In South America, more than half of those in drug treatment are under 25 years old and in Africa 70 per cent are under 35.
3. Statistically there is likely a far greater percentage of the population who are not receiving formal diagnoses, nor accessing professional support but who are still experiencing negative consequences associated with substance misuse. Furthermore, of those who do receive a formal diagnosis only a small percentage will ever access professional treatment (Grant et al, 2016). 
4. Of respondents with 12-month and lifetime DSM-5 DUD, 13.5% and 24.6%, respectively, received any treatment (Table 5). The mean age at first treatment for DSM-5 DUD was 27.7 years, nearly 4 years later than mean onset.
5. In 2022, an estimated 54.6 million people aged 12 and older needed treatment for a substance use disorder in the past year. Only 26% of those received any help for substance use disorder.
6. In 2022, of the more than 40.4 million people who needed but did not receive treatment for illicit drug or alcohol use disorder in the past year, only 1.8 million felt they needed treatment.
7. In 2022, 49.2% of Americans 12 or older who could not get the treatment they needed in the past year said they did not seek treatment because they thought it was too expensive. 53.3% said they were not ready to cut back or stop using and 47.5% said they didn’t know where to go or how to get treatment
8. In 2022, around 4.3 million Americans 12 or older (4.6%) received treatment for alcohol use disorder in the past year.
9. Addiction is considered a highly treatable condition, and recovery is attainable. Of the 29 million adults in America who feel they have or have had a substance use problem, around 21.3 million (71%) say they are in recovery.

Stigma

1. People with mental health conditions are commonly assumed to be lazy, weak, unintelligent or difficult (154). They are also often believed to be violent and dangerous, when in fact they are more at risk of being attacked or harming themselves than harming other people
2.  one survey in south-west Nigeria found that 97% of people believed people with mental health conditions were dangerous, 83% of people were afraid to talk to someone with a mental health condition and only 17% of people would consider marrying someone with a mental health condition 
3. In some countries, having a mental health condition provides legal grounds for divorce. In others, people with mental health conditions can lose their parental or voting rights, or may be denied a driving licence. In some countries, children with mental health conditions cannot obtain birth certificates or other identity documents.
4. For Arabic countries: Negatively stigmatising attitudes are still prevalent, as a study from Fekih-Romdhane et al (2022) found “more than one in four individuals exhibited stigmatizing attitudes towards mental illness (26.5%), had poor knowledge (31.7%), and hold negative attitudes toward help-seeking (28.0%)”.

The statistics compiled in this document are derived from reputable sources and are intended to provide an overview of the current landscape of addiction and mental health. They are presented to inform and enhance understanding and should always be considered within the broader context of individual circumstances and the evolving field of healthcare. Clinic Les Alpes is not responsible for any misuse or misinterpretation of these statistics. We recommend consulting with a qualified professional for advice and treatment decisions tailored to specific cases.